Description about the Surgery
MPFL (Medial Patellofemoral Ligament) repair is a surgical procedure performed to reconstruct or repair a torn MPFL, which stabilizes the patella (kneecap) and prevents it from dislocating laterally. The surgery aims to restore stability to the patellofemoral joint and alleviate symptoms such as patellar instability, pain, and limited mobility.
Reasons for the Surgery
MPFL tears commonly occur due to traumatic injury, repetitive stress, or anatomical abnormalities, leading to patellar instability and recurrent dislocations. MPFL repair is recommended for individuals with symptomatic patellar instability that does not respond to conservative treatments. The surgery aims to restore the integrity of the MPFL and prevent further dislocations of the patella.
Before Surgery
Before undergoing MPFL repair surgery, patients undergo a comprehensive evaluation to assess the extent of patellar instability and determine the appropriate treatment approach. This evaluation includes physical exams, imaging studies (such as MRI), and sometimes diagnostic arthroscopy. Patients receive education about the procedure, its risks and benefits, and what to expect during recovery. Pre-operative instructions may include activity modifications, strengthening exercises, and smoking cessation.
During Surgery
During MPFL repair surgery, the surgeon makes a small incision over the knee and identifies the torn MPFL. Depending on the severity of the tear, the MPFL may be repaired using sutures or reconstructed using a graft, typically sourced from the patient's hamstring tendon or allograft tissue. The graft is secured to the patella and femur to recreate the function of the MPFL and stabilize the patella.
After Surgery
After MPFL repair surgery, patients undergo a period of rehabilitation to restore knee stability and function. Physical therapy focuses on strengthening the muscles around the knee, improving proprioception, and enhancing patellar tracking. Patients gradually progress to weight-bearing activities and functional exercises under the guidance of a physical therapist. Post-operative care includes pain management, wound care, and monitoring for complications such as infection or stiffness.
Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation after MPFL repair is crucial for restoring patellar stability and preventing recurrent dislocations. Physical therapy sessions are tailored to the patient's specific needs and goals, focusing on improving muscle strength, flexibility, and neuromuscular control. Rehabilitation aims to optimize patellar tracking and knee function while minimizing the risk of complications. Close communication between the patient, surgeon, and physical therapist is essential to ensure a successful recovery process.